PRINCIPLE OF MANAGEMENT

1.MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES-An objectives is an end to be achieved.The objectives of a management system an of its sub-systems must be clearly identified ,defined,and understood.Merely saying where one intends to go does not tale one there;not is saying that one intends to produce some results enough to make it happens.Any confusion or lack of clarity in objectives for specifying objectives clearly is that it enables one to decide how to achieve them.

2.DIVISION OF WORK-Management is an assembly of groups and teams.The work is divided or distributed among the groups and also among members of the group.When there is specialization and division of labour,each member exercise his or her own skills towards achieving the objectives .Management should assign the right(balanced ) proportions and kind of work to groups and employees.It should attempt to bring about a balance among the different groups and employees.

3.SUBSTITUTION OF RESOURCES-Often ,when the resource that are normally used to provide services become scarce or too expensive ,different resources of a different resources or a different balance of the resources may be used to produce the intended results.One particular type of substitution of resource ois labour substitution.

4.SPAN OF CONTROL-For effective supervision and leadership ,the number of subordinates under the immediate supervision of one manager should be limited to manager able number.The span of control,which is also called span of management,can,however be determined depending upon the capacity and skill of the supervisor.

5.DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY-Authority is the right to command or right to act.it indicates the power enjoyed a person to make decision.Individuals in the organizations must be delegated authority commensurate with their assigned responsibilities.Delegating is the one of the aspects of management to facility getting done through others.It takes place when homebody's authority is lent to another.